FROL Notes

The number one point to know about this exam is that it is open book! You are allowed to bring in reference materials! This makes it incredibly easy even with only a rough idea of where to find things in the AIP. Nonetheless, in the real world you do actually need to know some of this stuff, so it is worth studying for! Here’s the notes I used, hope they help!

·         Know how numbers are pronounced when transmitting altitude: ie (1500 is spoken one thousand five hundred

·         A PAN call is made if:

o   Lost

o   Sick POB

o   Other aircraft ship observed in distress

o   Emergency descent required in CTA

·         RTOL qualifications require: PASS in Theory & Practical Test and be a min o 16yo

·         Control Zone Types (CTR): Primary, Military, GAAP. CTAF is a non control zone

·         If an engine fails, transmit MAYDAY and Squawk 7700

·         “In the vicinity” of a CTAF is within 10nm of the airport

·         CTR = Control Zone. CTA = Control Area

·         Most civil radio communication is in the VHF (Very High Frequency) band, 30 – 300 MHz and is allocated 118.0 – 135.95 MHz frqs

·         To the tower instruction: “ABC CLEAR FOR TAKEOFF,” the correct pilot response is: “CLEAR FOR TAKE OFF ABC” or more generally: ATC <callsign/instruction> PILOT <instruction/callsign>

·         The FLIGHT INFORMATION AREA (FIA) is an Airservices Unit is the airspace outside CTAs which provides flight and SAR alerting information.

·         The procedural word NEGATIVE means ‘NO’ or ‘PERMISSION NOT GRANTED’ or ‘THAT IS NOT  CORRECT’

·         The RADIO CHECK readability scale is:

·         UNREADABLE

·         READABLE NOW AND THEN

·         READABLE BUT WITH DIFFICULTY

·         READABLE

·         PERFECTLY READABLE

·         The RADIO FRQ 124.5Mhz is in the VHF band

·         The default CTAF FRQ is 126.7MHz (is used when discreet CTAF frq is not allocated)

·         Radio Wave FRQ is: the number of waves passing a point in one second

·         NDB’s (Non Directional Beacon ground navigation aids) transmit in the LF and MF frq bands

·         <callsign> CLEARED TO LAND and CHANGE OF RUNWAY  are required read back instructions

·         The pilot response is: (CLEARED TO) LAND, (RUNWAY) ONE ONE CENTRE <callsign> The procedural words in brackets are acceptable in the message but the unbracketed keywords, plus the callsign, are essential briefer

·          

Civil in Classes A,C,D airspace + IFR in Class E	3000
Civil IFR in Class G	200
Civil VFR in class E, G	1200
Unlawful Interference	7500
Radio Failure	7600
Emergency	7700

·         Enroue frq for IFR + VFR aircraft in class G airspace G airspace is the appropriate ATC CENTRE FRQ

·         The radio SQUELCH control narrows the frq to minimise static or harsh (background)

·         ELTs transmit when activated on 121.5 (civil), 243 (military) MHz bands, some also 406 MHz

·         ATIS (Automatic Terminal Information Service) is best on a discreet VHF frq + navaids; NDB and VOR (Very High Frequqency omni directional range)

LIGHT SIGNAL	MEANING IN FLIGHT	ON AIRPORT	TO VEHICLE
Steady Green	Land	Takeoff	None
Steady Red	Circle	Stop	Stop
Green Flashes	Approach	Taxci	Cross Rwy/Enter Twy
Red Flashes	Do not land	Vacate Rwy	Vacate Rwy/Twy
White Flashes	None	Return to start	Vacate Area

·         To improve ELT range, place it on the top of the wing, if earthmat unavailable

·         An ELT is required for flights of more than 50nm, or over water, or in remote areas

·         Radio Fail: ‘Transmitting Blind, intentions,’ squawk 7600 land at the nearest suitale airport

·         For circuits SSR on STANDBY

·         In busy radio traffic, ‘BREAK BREAK’ DO IT NOW! Also, beware of similar callsigns